ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Realizar um estudo do tratamento das fraturas do côndilo mandibular e discutir a terapêutica conservadora versus a cirúrgica. MÉTODOS: Foram examinados 892 prontuários de traumatismo bucofacial, e selecionados aqueles em que haviam: relatos de fraturas condilares isoladas ou associadas a outros ossos da face, dados relativos à identificação, a história médico-odontológica, e o tratamento para a fratura de côndilo. Os dados foram analisados através de estatística descritiva e comparados a~ terapêuticas conservadora e cirúrgica. RESULTADOS: As fraturas de côndilo perfizeram um total de 124 casos. O sexo masculino representou 72,0% da amostra, e a faixa etária mais acometida foi aquela dos 21 a 30 anos. O tratamento conservador foi empregado em 61,0% dos pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento cirúrgico foi utilizado em pacientes acima de dez anos de idade, vítimas de acidentes de trânsito e quedas, predominantemente, seguido de agressões, armas de fogo e acidente esportivo.
OBJECTIVE: To study the treatment of fractures of the mandibular condyle and discuss conservative versus surgical therapy. METHODS: We examined the medical records of 892 bucofacial traumas, from which we selected only those who had: reports of condylar fractures, isolated or associated with other facial bones, identification data, dental care history and treatment applied for the condylar fracture. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the conservative and surgical therapies were compared. RESULTS: Condyle fractures were present in 124 cases. Males represented 72.0% of the sample, the age group most affected being the one between 21 and 30 years. Conservative treatment was used in 61.0% of patients. CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment was predominantly used in patients over ten years old, victims of traffic accidents and falls, followed by assaults, firearms and sporting accidents.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Mandibular Condyle/injuries , Mandibular Fractures/therapy , Mandibular Condyle/surgery , Mandibular Fractures/surgery , Orthopedic Procedures/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of antidepressants and pilocarpine on the quantity of myoepithelial cells and on the proliferation index of the epithelial cells of rat parotid glands. INTRODUCTION: Hyposalivation, xerostomia, and alterations in saliva composition are important clinical side effects related to the use of antidepressants. METHODS: Ninety male Wistar rats were allocated to nine groups. The control groups received saline for 30 (group C30) or 60 days (group C60) or pilocarpine for 60 days (group Pilo). The experimental groups were administered fluoxetine (group F30) or venlafaxine for 30 days (group V30); fluoxetine (group FS60) or venlafaxine (group VS60) with saline for 60 days; or fluoxetine (group FP60) or venlafaxine (group VP60) with pilocarpine for 60 days. Parotid gland specimens were processed, and the immunohistochemical expression of calponin and proliferating cell nuclear anti-antigen on the myoepithelial and parenchymal cells, respectively, was evaluated. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey HSD and Games-Howell tests were applied to detect differences among groups (p<0.05). RESULTS: Compared with the controls, chronic exposure to antidepressants was associated with an increase in the number of positively stained cells for calponin. In addition, venlafaxine administration for 30 days was associated with an increase in the number of positively stained cells for proliferating cell nuclear anti-antigen. Fluoxetine and pilocarpine (group FP60) induced a significant decrease in the number of positively stained cells for calponin compared with all other groups. CONCLUSIONS: The number of positively stained cells for calponin increased after chronic administration of antidepressants. The proliferation index of the epithelial cells of rat parotid glands was not altered by the use of antidepressants for 60 days.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology , Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Epithelial Cells/drug effects , Microfilament Proteins/metabolism , Parotid Gland/drug effects , Pilocarpine/pharmacology , Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen/metabolism , Analysis of Variance , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cyclohexanols/pharmacology , Epithelial Cells/metabolism , Epithelial Cells/pathology , Fluoxetine/pharmacology , Muscarinic Agonists/pharmacology , Parotid Gland/cytology , Parotid Gland/metabolism , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Introdução: Estudos epidemiológicos possibilitam analisar as particularidades regionais a respeito da etiologia dos traumas maxilo-faciais, a frequência, distribuição e determinantes dos eventos relacionados à traumatologia. Objetivo: Realizar estudo retrospectivo das fraturas do côndilo mandibular tratadas no Hospital Santa Marcelina, São Paulo/SP, atendidos no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2007. Métodos: Foram examinados 892 prontuários e coletados dados relativos aos pacientes. Etiologia dos traumatismos e localização anatômica das fraturas foram analisadas. Resultados: As fraturas de côndilo perfizeram um total de 124 casos. O gênero masculino representou 72% da amostra, sendo a faixa etária mais acometida entre 21 a 30 anos. As causas mais frequentes foram acidentes autoviários (55,9%). Conclusões: Pacientes masculinos, na 3ª década de vida, são os mais acometidos no traumatismo bucomaxilofacial, sendo acidentes autoviários as principais causas.
Introduction: Epidemiological studies enable the analysis of the regional oddities in point of maxillofacial traumas etiology, the frequency, arrangement and determining of the events related to traumatology. Objetive: To study retrospectively the mandibular condyle fractures treated at Santa Marcelina Hospital, São Paulo/SP from January, 2000 to December, 2007. Methods: 892 records were evaluated and the data related to the patients were collected. The etiology of the traumas and the anatomic location of the fractures were analyzed. Results: The total condyle fractures were an amount of 124 cases. The male gender represented 72% of the sample and the most affected age group was 20 to 30 years. The most frequent cause was vehicular accident (55.9%). Conclusions: The conclusion is that male patients, on the third decade of life, are the most affected of maxillofacial trauma, being the vehicular accidents the main cause.
ABSTRACT
Foi realizada pesquisa em uma distibuidora de bebidas que fornece refrescos não alcoólicos para 05 escolas públicas municipais e 04 escolas particulares do primeiro e segundo grau na cidade de Curitiba-PR, Brasil. O estudo objetivou descobrir quais os refrescos mais consumidos por esta amostra de adolescentes e posteriormente foi analisada a concentração de flúor pelo método colorimétrico SPANDS e o potencial hidrogeniônico (pH) pelo método eletrométrico destas bebidas